What Are Diseases
Let's say you're sitting at a gate in a major American airport, waiting to board a flight. At a neighboring gate, a flight arrives and several people exit the plane wearing surgical masks. You assume that you should probably avoid these people. They must have some illness and are trying not spread it to a planeload of people. Then, your plane starts loading. You strike up a conversation with someone who's describing their difficulty getting through security with insulin and syringes. They're diabetic, yet not wearing a surgical mask. You aren't worried about catching diabetes, but why? Diabetes is a life-threatening disease after all. To answer this question, we need to examine the main difference between common illnesses.
A disease is any abnormal condition that causes a disruption in the functions of a body tissue, organ, or entire organism. Diseases are recognized by a specific set of symptoms. Think about the diseases you know: a cold, the flu, measles, cancer, stroke, or diabetes, just to name a few. These diseases all disrupt the body in very characteristic ways. Now think about what causes these conditions: viruses, bacteria, fungi, smoking, genetic defects, etc. There are countless diseases, each with its own unique and characteristic cause. But why can you 'catch' some diseases but not others? This is due to the two different types of disease: communicable and noncommunicable.
What Are Communicable Diseases and Non-communicable Diseases
Communicable diseases are spread from person to person or from animal to person. The spread or transfer can happen through the air, through contact with contaminated surfaces, or through direct contact with blood, feces, or other bodily fluids. A cold is an example of a communicable disease (a cold is the general term given to a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract).
What about other things like cancer, heart disease, and diabetes? You can't 'catch' these right ? These are examples of non-communicable diseases, which are medical conditions that are not infectious and cannot be passed from one person or animal to another. Your fellow passenger with diabetes was either born with it or developed it later in life. Either way, you cannot 'catch' diabetes.
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
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| (http://www.slideshare.net/LaurenDanillo/communicable-and-noncommunicable-disease) |
NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
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| (http://www.slideshare.net/heather1heather1/3-non-communicable-diseases)
Mode of transmission
There are 2 way in that the agent is transferred to a new host, which are :
-Direct : direct contact
-Indirect : vehicle and vector borne
-Direct contact - microorganisms directly from one individual to another by one or more.
Example of direct contacts :
-Trans placental transmission is relating to, involving, or being passage (as of an antibody) between mother and fetus through the placenta.
-Person to person: from touching, biting, kissing, sexual intercourse or direct projection of respiratory droplets into another person's nose or mouth during coughing, sneezing or talking.
Example of indirect contact:
-Vehicles : inanimate or non-living means of transmission of infectious organisms such as handkerchief, soiled clothes and doorknobs.
-Vectors : animate or living vehicles which transmit infections that are usually an arthropod, which transmits an infectious agent to a new host such as houseflies, mosquitoes, lice and ticks.
*all this point's are not mine, it is based from the reference that I found. Please refer the link/journal.
-http://study.com/academy/lesson/communicable-noncommunicable-diseases-definition-examples.html
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-http://www.slideshare.net/heather1heather1/3-non-communicable-diseases
-http://www.slideshare.net/LaurenDanillo/communicable-and-noncommunicable-disease
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